Can adiponectin have an additional effect on the regulation of food intake by inducing gastric motor changes?

The regulation of food intake is a complex mechanism, and the hypothalamus is the main central structure implicated. In particular, the arcuate nucleus appears to be the most critical area in the integration of multiple peripheral signals.Among these signals, those originating from the white adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract are known to be involved in the regulation of food intake.The present paper focuses on adiponectin, an adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue, which is reported to have a role in the control of feeding by acting centrally. The recent observation that adiponectin is also able to influence gastric motility raises the question of whether this action represents an additional peripheral mechanism that concurs with the central effects of the hormone on food intake. This possibility, which represents an emerging aspect correlating the central and peripheral effects of adiponectin in the hunger-satiety cycle, is discussed in the present paper.     

Bioengineering and in utero transplantation of fetal skin in the sheep model: A crucial step towards clinical application in human fetal spina bifida repair

An intricate problem during open human fetal surgery for spina bifida regards back skin closure, particularly in those cases where the skin defect is much too large for primary closure. We hypothesize that tissue engineering of fetal skin might provide an adequate autologous skin substitute for in utero application in such situations. Eight sheep fetuses of four time‐mated ewes underwent fetoscopic skin biopsy at 65 days of gestation. Fibroblasts and keratinocytes isolated from the biopsy were used to create fetal dermo‐epidermal skin substitutes. These were transplanted on the fetuses by open fetal surgery at 90 days of gestation on skin defects (excisional wounds) created during the same procedure. Pregnancy was allowed to continue until euthanasia at 120 days of gestation. The graft area was analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. The transplanted fetal dermo‐epidermal skin substitutes was well discernable in situ in three of the four fetuses available for analysis. Histology confirmed healed grafts with a close to natural histological skin architecture four weeks after in utero transplantation. This experimental study generates evidence that laboratory grown autologous fetal skin analogues can successfully be transplanted in utero. These results have clinical implications as an analogous procedure might be applied in human fetuses undergoing prenatal repair to facilitate primary skin closure. Finally, this study may also fertilize the field of fetal tissue engineering in general, particularly when more interventional, minimally invasive, and open fetal surgical procedures become available.     

Treatment of generalized infantile myofibromatosis with sorafenib and imatinib: A case report

Infantile myofibromatosis (IM) is characterized by solitary musculoskeletal nodules presenting during infancy but can manifest as multiple lesions with visceral involvement. Multicentric IM with visceral involvement carries a high risk of mortality and there is no consensus on treatment. We present a case of a patient with multicentric IM and pulmonary involvement who progressed on several chemotherapeutic regimens and subsequently had a complete response to sorafenib and later imatinib. This report describes the novel use of sorafenib and imatinib to treat generalized IM and the role of continued tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy to maintain remission.     

可吸收棒或钛合金螺钉治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折的疗效

文题释义：可吸收棒、钛合金螺钉内固定：两者均属于MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折螺钉内固定法，主要区别在于其制作材质不一样，前者是由聚乳酸制成的可吸收高分子聚合物，而后者为钛合金制成，需二次手术取出。桡骨头骨折Mason分类：Ⅰ型，为线状骨折，即无移位型骨折，骨折线可通过桡骨头边缘或呈劈裂状；Ⅱ型，为有移位的骨折，有分离的边缘骨折；Ⅲ型，为粉碎型骨折，移位或无移位或呈塌陷性骨折；Ⅳ型，为桡骨头骨折伴有肘关节脱位。 背景：目前切开复位内固定是治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折的有效方法，内固定的选择有螺钉、微型钢板、克氏针、可吸收棒或钉等，临床疗效报道不一致。 目的：对比可吸收棒或钛合金螺钉内固定治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折的临床疗效。方法：选择2016年1月至2017年2月四川省人民医院收治的桡骨头骨折患者25例，其中男16例，女9例，年龄38-61岁，均进行切开复位内固定治疗，其中13例的内固定材料为钛合金螺钉，另12例的内固定材料为可吸收棒。术后随访拍摄X射线片，确定骨折愈合时间。末次随访时，对比两组目测类比评分、肘关节活动度及肘关节功能Mayo评分与Broberg-Morrey 评分。该研究已通过四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院伦理委员会的审批。结果与结论：①可吸收棒组、钛合金螺钉组的骨折愈合时间分别为(2.35±0.92)，(2.10±0.47)个月，组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；②末次随访时，两组间肘关节功能Mayo评分与Broberg-Morrey 评分比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；③末次随访时，两组间肘关节屈曲、伸直、旋后、旋前角度比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；④末次随访时，两组目测类比评分比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；⑤结果表明，可吸收棒与钛合金螺钉治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折的临床疗效相似，但可吸收棒避免了二次手术取出内固定及应力性遮挡等情况。 ORCID: 0000-0003-4778-7050(杨晓) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

头脉冲试验与头脉冲抑制试验参数相关性分析

目的验证头脉冲试验（HIMP）和头脉冲抑制试验（SHIMP）在前庭眼动反射中的互补效应。方法选择前庭上神经炎患者33例，健康成人10例（20耳），对前庭上神经炎患者患侧和健康成人左右侧HIMP和SHIMP增益、扫视潜伏期、扫视波振幅及显性扫视产生百分比进行匹配分析，比较HIMP和SHIMP各项参数之间相互关系。结果HIMP增益与SHIMP增益呈线性正相关，并且HIMP增益大于SHIMP增益，差异具有统计学意义（t=5.890，r=0.956，P均=0.000）。HIMP潜伏期大于SHIMP潜伏期，差异具有统计学意义（t=-3.360，P=0.001），但无相关性（r=0.180，P=0.196）。HIMP扫视振幅与SHIMP扫视振幅呈负相关（r=-0.484，P=0.000），HIMP扫视百分比与SHIMP显性扫视百分比呈负相关（r=-0.604，P=0.000）。HIMP增益与HIMP扫视潜伏期、振幅及百分比均呈负相关，且均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。SHIMP增益与SHIMP代偿性扫视振幅及百分比呈正相关，具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。SHIMP增益与SHIMP扫视潜伏期无相关性（r=-0.044，P=0.756）。结论SHIMP和HIMP均可检查水平性角前庭眼动反射（VOR）的直接通路，代偿性扫视和反代偿性扫视的增益、振幅和扫视产生的百分比可作为动态观察指标评估前庭功能。两者参数变化对评估VOR通路的损伤和恢复情况起到一定指导意义。